Diseases of the twelfth cranial (hypoglossal) nerve or nuclei. The nuclei and fascicles of the nerve are located in the medulla, and the nerve exits the skull via the hypoglossal foramen and innervates the muscles of the tongue. Lower brain stem diseases, including ischemia and MOTOR NEURON DISEASES may affect the nuclei or nerve fascicles. The nerve may also be injured by diseases of the posterior fossa or skull base. Clinical manifestations include unilateral weakness of tongue musculature and lingual dysarthria, with deviation of the tongue towards the side of weakness upon attempted protrusion.

Descriptor ID	D020437
MeSH Number(s)	C10.292.525
Concept/Terms	Hypoglossal Nerve Diseases Hypoglossal Nerve Diseases Hypoglossal Nerve Disease Twelfth Cranial Nerve Disorder Twelfth Cranial Nerve Diseases Cranial Nerve XII Diseases Cranial Nerve XII Disorders Hypoglossal Neuralgia Hypoglossal Neuralgia Hypoglossal Neuralgias Neuralgia, Hypoglossal Neuralgias, Hypoglossal Hypoglossal Neuropathy Hypoglossal Neuropathy Hypoglossal Neuropathies Neuropathies, Hypoglossal Neuropathy, Hypoglossal Hypoglossal Nerve Palsy Hypoglossal Nerve Palsy Hypoglossal Nerve Palsies Palsies, Hypoglossal Nerve Palsy, Hypoglossal Nerve

Below are MeSH descriptors whose meaning is more general than "Hypoglossal Nerve Diseases".

Below are MeSH descriptors whose meaning is related to "Hypoglossal Nerve Diseases".

Below are MeSH descriptors whose meaning is more specific than "Hypoglossal Nerve Diseases".